寂靜法談:20250213 逾欲得定

(開印阿闍梨日常隨緣開示錄)

禪修,現今已有截然不同的解讀。在印度佛教中,bhāvanā 的含義是「產生、增長」,即令未曾有的經驗得以生起,已具備的經驗得以深化與拓展。

禪修之所以很多障礙,最主要的原因無外乎五欲熾盛。五欲是指對色、聲、香、味、觸之境有所欲求、貪著。禪修者應適當地遠離五欲和捨棄五蓋,方能成就五禪支。若欲達成色界禪那,則必須超越五欲;同理,若欲成就無色界定,則須進一步超越色界。

身體健康時,若未曾深刻體悟五欲的過患,便難以真正捨離。人之所以放逸,往往是因為覺得生命尚且悠長,未曾深切意識到死亡的逼近。然而,有的人在重病降臨時,尤其當醫生診斷出罹患嚴重疾病(如癌症等)時,才願意放下一些平時不見得能放下的執取,這時反而能精進用功,獲得成就。

佛經中亦有類似的記載,在佛陀時代,有些人在健康時未能證果,當他們身患重病時,聖弟子如舍利弗或阿難前往探望,開示引導,反而令其增上乃至證果。

禪修應融入日常生活,學習攝心。在《大念住經》中,佛陀教導了極為實用的方法——「身念住」。於行、住、坐、臥,乃至清醒、言語、沉默等各種狀態下,皆應保持正念正知。無論何時,我們的身體皆與我們同在,例如用餐時,伸手、拿起、收回皆應覺知;咀嚼、吞嚥時,亦應保持正念;行走時,腳抬起、向前、放下皆清楚分明。若能常保正念正知,則生活便不會感到無聊,而是處處皆是修行的契機。

Summarizer: Bhikkhunī Sacca

「分別」與「執著」 ーー誰在製造混亂?

我相信,諸位剛開始學佛,有聽到兩種說法,你自己常常都會感到混亂。比如說,有人會告訴你:學佛,要有正見——對什麼東西都分別清楚。可是,又有人會告訴你:這個分別知見太多,是煩惱的來源,所以,不要去分別。

可能你也會聽到一種說法:學佛要積極、要精進。很多東西都要刻意地、努力地、故意地去改造它。又會聽到有人告訴你:這種積極就是執著,什麼都隨緣就好——隨緣度日最自在。你們聽了之後會不會混亂啊?

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晧月精舍二十週年–開印法師序

晧月精舍二十週年 - 開印法師 序 (中英)

The 20th Anniversary of Haoyue Vihara – prefaced by Bhikkhu Kaiyin

文: 開印阿阇黎 Translated by : Ming Yang

我1990年到台灣,與如恒、如智二師於中壢圓光相識,這是與晧月精舍結下法緣的開始。我們都是圓光佛學院改制大學部的首屆同學,此外還有性實、本寂二師。當時大學部男眾同學就我們五位,因此被笑稱是「五比丘」。

除了性實法師平日忙於圓光寺務,我們每一學期每星期日都會聚集在一起研習佛法,不曾中斷。我們閱讀過印順導師《初期大乘佛教之起源與開展》、《清淨道論》,六種不同《律本》對照,以及中輟未完成的《成實論》。

1995年畢業後,我留院執教,翌年也去了新竹福嚴幫忙教務。在這期間,幾乎每星期五下課後就南下嘉義小住幾天,與如恒、如智、如範三兄弟暢談佛法、禪修,有時也會討論一些與中華文化相關的話題,如書法藝術等,星期日再回到新竹。多年來如此,烙下了深刻且美好的回憶。

卸下教務後,我們還曾經一起到緬甸四處參訪禪院,包括摩谷、孫倫、馬哈希、烏巴慶及葛印卡禪修中心,最後我們選定毛淡棉並依止帕奧禪師為業處阿闍梨。

台灣晧月精舍與馬來西亞寂靜禪林同在1998年創立(晧月似乎更早些)。從雛型到成型,如同嬰兒、小孩至中年,晧月精舍在佛法教育、禪修乃至書藝、茶道文化等方面皆不遺余力用心宣導和推動,迄今略具規模。

說實話,在臺灣辦佛教教育不靠經懺法會來「永續經營」是不容易的。在馬來西亞的寂靜禪林也一樣。尤其在草創期,在教界內就有長老、學長們曾私下對我表示經費來源方面的關心和擔憂。當然,晧月精舍、寂靜禪林很幸運地已成功以「低空飛過」之勢渡過了二十個年頭,說來不易,路途艱辛。

圓光穗道遺蹤影,遠渡參禪濟一帆。

故友故情多故事,平生平實不平凡!

我懷念已辭世的學友如恒比丘。也讚嘆晧月同參們一直秉持著平淡樸實的道風,它在「平生平實」中,讓大家看見了「不平凡」。願晧月這一份真摯,源遠流長。

今年(2018)年底,正值是嘉義晧月精舍與沙巴寂靜禪林同慶二十週年,我謹以回憶的方式略述幾句和祝福,為序。

20180924 開印於美國丹佛

“1995年畢業後,我留院執教,翌年也去了新竹福嚴幫忙教務。在這期間,幾乎每星期五下課後就南下嘉義小住幾天,與如恒、如智、如範三兄弟暢談佛法、禪修,有時也會討論一些與中華文化相關的話題,如書法藝術等,星期日再回到新竹。多年來如此,烙下了深刻且美好的回憶。”

“After graduating in 1995, I stayed in YuanKuang to teach, and the following year I went to Fuyan Buddhist Institute, Hsinchu to help with school duties. During this period, I would go south to Chiayi every Friday after teaching and return to Hsinchu on Sunday. During my stay in Chiayi, along with the three brothers Ruheng, Ruzhi, Rufan, we shared long and good talks about Buddhism, meditation, and sometimes topics related to Chinese culture, such as calligraphy and other arts. Over the years, these memories left a deep imprint in my mind.”

I came to Taiwan in 1990 and met Ven. Ruheng and Ven. Ruzhi in Yuankuang, Zhongli. This forged the beginning of my Dharma bond with Haoyue Vihara. We were all in the first restructured undergraduate class of Yuankuang Buddhist College. In addition, there were two other classmates, Ven.Xingshi and Ven. Benji. At that time, the five of us were the only male students in the undergraduate program, so we were jokingly called the “Five Bhikkhus“.

Except for Ven. Xingshi, who was busy with YuankuangTemple affairs on weekdays, we always routinely gathered together every Sunday to study the Dharma without interruption. We went through the “Origin and Development of Early Mahayana Buddhism” by Master Yinshun, “Visuddhimagga” (“The Path of Purification”), compared six parallel Vinaya traditions, and read “The Tattvasiddhi-Śāstra “(True Attainment Treatise”; ) which was left unfinished by us.

After graduating in 1995, I stayed in YuanKuang to teach, and the following year I went to Fuyan Buddhist Institute, Hsinchu to help with school duties. During this period, I would go south to Chiayi every Friday after teaching and return to Hsinchu on Sunday. During my stay in Chiayi, along with the three brothers Ruheng, Ruzhi, Rufan, we shared long and good talks about Buddhism, meditation, and sometimes topics related to Chinese culture, such as calligraphy and other arts. Over the years, these memories left a deep imprint in my mind.

After leaving the teaching responsibilities, we had a chance to tour the monasteries in Myanmar together, including Mogok, Sun Lun, Mahasi, U Ba Khin and Goenka Meditation Centers. In the end, we chose Mawlamyine and followed Pa-Auk Sayadaw as our meditation Acariya.

Haoyue Vihara in Taiwan and Santavana Forest Hermitage in Malaysia were both founded in 1998 (Haoyue seemed to be even earlier). From prototype to formation, like babies, children to middle-aged, Haoyue Vihara spared no effort to advocate and promote Dharma education, meditation, calligraphy, and tea ceremony culture. It has begun to take shape since inception.

In fact, it is not easy to “sustainably run” Buddhist education in Taiwan without resorting to Ritual ceremonies. The same truth goes for Santavana Forest Hermitage in Malaysia. Early in the pioneering stage, some elders and seniors in Buddhist communities privately expressed to me concerns about the sources of funding. Of course, the Haoyue Vihara and SantavanaForest Hermitage are fortunate to have successfully passed through the 20 years to just scrape through with a narrow pass. The journey is hard earned in its entirety!

Treaded on Yuankuang’s rice paddy fields, traces remained
Journeyed far to practice meditation, altogether bonded
Old friendships, old affections, many old stories recalled
A prosaic and ordinary life, but extraordinarily revealed

I miss Bhikkhu Ruheng who has passed away. I also admire the fact that my fellow monks at Haoyue have always adhered to its simple and unadorned path. May this extraordinary feature elevate them above the ordinary; may Haoyue keep this earnest discipline and run a long course.

The 20th anniversary of Chiayi Haoyue Vihara and SantavanaForest Hermitage will be at the end of this year (2018), With my deepest blessings to Haoyue, I would like to designate this preface with a brief note of my past memories.

Sep 24th 2018
Denver, USA

你問我答 Ask Acariya

English

依止善士,聽聞正法

MN.1/(1) Mūlapariyāyasuttaṃ 中部1《根本法門經》

Bhagavā etadavoca– “sabbadhammamūlapariyāyaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti.

世尊這麼說:「諸比丘!我將為你們開示『一切法的根本法門』。那〔法〕你們當諦聽,你們應善作意,我將要說了。」

圖/普聞品:為中國福建廈門市普聞品茶莊以漢簡筆意題字。

問答 Q1 ~ Q10

1. 於師父的䦕示中,所引用的解釋大多與《清淨道論》、《阿毗達磨》相關。 但是佛教經典的注釋非常多,師父如何能夠於短時間内找到、選擇這些相關的內容?

答:大概來說,巴利佛教的注釋、疏鈔和與注釋書等值的《清淨道論》都是注解初期聖典經、律以及阿毗達磨三者的代表作品。有的疏鈔,出現年份較晚,不過在思想上還算是接近於阿含與律及阿毗達磨三藏的。

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